<aside> 💡 CGS Tip: This page is describe Basic Concepts of Unreal Engine Classes and How to works with multiple systems/frameworks

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Game Instance Overview

<aside> The game instance launches with the engine and stays active until shutdown. As a manager class, it has no physical presence in the game—it simply tracks data and runs code.

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The game instance operates independently on both the server and all connected clients in network multiplayer, without replication between them.

Key Features

• Persists data between level loads
• Ideal for managing save game systems
• Controls game instance subsystems

Subsystem Management

The game instance manages game instance subsystems, which share its lifetime and are created and destroyed alongside it.

<aside> A prime example is the Online Subsystem, which handles:

• Friends lists
• Game sessions
• Lobbies
• Leaderboards
• Other online services </aside>

Game Mode

The game mode is instantiated right after your level loads and the world is created. It's a server-based manager class that inherits from the actor class. Created upon level load, it isn't persistent across levels. The game mode is the first actor to spawn and can be set differently for each map. It sits at the heart of the gameplay framework, managing game rules and structure while creating other framework actors—primarily game state and player state.

Game & Player States

The game state and player state are non-physical actors that track the state of the game and its players. These classes share their information between the server and all connected clients in multiplayer.

<aside> Game state handles:

• Team scores
• Objectives
• Player list management </aside>

<aside> Player state manages:

• Health
• Ammo
• Inventory </aside>

The game mode creates one game state, and a player state is created whenever a player joins or enters a level.

Controllers & Pawns

The game mode spawns players as they join. Each player consists of a controller and a pawn. Controllers manage the logic behind player actions, and come in two main types in UE: